Articles related to Machine Learning and Natural Language Processing implementation.
N-grams of texts are extensively used in text mining and natural language processing tasks. They are basically a set of co-occurring words within a given window and when computing the n-grams you typically move one word forward (although you can move X words forward in more advanced scenarios). For example, for the sentence “The cow …
Having spent a big part of my career as a graduate student researcher and now a Data Scientist in the industry, I have come to realize that a vast majority of solutions proposed both in academic research papers and in the work place are just not meant to ship — they just don’t scale! And …
About a year ago, I looked high and low for a python word cloud library that I could use from within my Jupyter notebook that was flexible enough to use counts or tfidf when needed or just accept a set of words and corresponding weights. I was a bit surprised that something like that did …
Python Word Cloud for Jupyter Notebooks and Web Apps Read More »
Document frequency is the number of documents containing a particular term. Based on Figure 1, the word cent has a document frequency of 1. Even though it appeared 3 times, it appeared 3 times in only one document. The word all on the other hand, has a document frequency of 5. Even though it appeared …
In this era of use Deep Learning for everything, one may be wondering why you would even use TF-IDF for any task at all ?!! The truth is TF-IDF is easy to understand, easy to compute and is one of the most versatile statistic that shows the relative importance of a word or phrase in …
Tutorial: Extracting Keywords with TF-IDF and Python’s Scikit-Learn Read More »
Stop words are a set of commonly used words in any language. For example, in English, “the”, “is” and “and”, would easily qualify as stop words. In NLP and text mining applications, stop words are used to eliminate unimportant words, allowing applications to focus on the important words instead. While it is fairly easy to …
Training a Word2Vec model with phrases is very similar to training a Word2Vec model with single words. The difference: you would need to add a layer of intelligence in processing your text data to pre-discover phrases. In this tutorial, you will learn how to create embeddings with phrases without explicitly specifying the number of words …
How to incorporate phrases into Word2Vec – a text mining approach Read More »
ROUGE 2.0 is an easy to use evaluation toolkit for Automatic Summarization tasks. It uses the ROUGE system of metrics which works by comparing an automatically produced summary or translation against a set of reference summaries (typically human-produced). ROUGE is one of the standard ways to compute effectiveness of auto generated summaries. To understand how ROUGE works …
A Hands-On Word2Vec Tutorial Using the Gensim Package The idea behind Word2Vec is pretty simple. We’re making an assumption that the meaning of a word can be inferred by the company it keeps. This is analogous to the saying, “show me your friends, and I’ll tell who you are”. If you have two words that …
One of the really nice things about spark is the ability to read input files of different formats right out of the box. Though this is a nice to have feature, reading files in spark is not always consistent and seems to keep changing with different spark releases. This article will show you how to …
How to read CSV & JSON files in Spark – word count example Read More »